Objective By clarifying the practical logic behind the participation of forest farmers in commercial forest redemption， it can provide reference for protecting the rights and interests of forest farmers and realizing the increaing value of forest rights.Method Based on 23 typical interview cases of commercial forest redemption，an "occurrence conditions-social mobilization-incentive compatibility" model was constructed using grounded theory to identify the influencing factors of commercial forest redemption.Result （1）Occurrence conditions include policy constraints and resource endowments，which form external environmental stimuli and internal demand stimuli for forest farmers， acting as the driving force for participation in the redemption of commodity forest.（2）Incentive compatibility is the most critical core element for participation in the redemption， encompassing economic incentives and government governance，which reflects the demands and interactions of the government and forest farmers. By leveraging mechanisms of benefits，information， efficiency， and penalties， it motivates forest farmers to participate in the redemption， serving as the intrinsic driving force. （3）Effective connection from the occurrence conditions to incentive compatibility requires the effective performance of social mobilization， encompassing awareness of environmental responsibility and recognition of redemption benefits. These provide the ideological foundation and cognitive conditions for the implementation of this environmental practice， acting as an auxiliary force for participation in the redemption.Conclusion Accordingly， the following suggestions are put forward. Firstly，a reasonable balance between logging prohibition and utilization must be achieved. Secondly， fairness must be considered in the distribution of benefits. Finally， the local governments should fulfill their commitments and responsibilities in time.